Agriculture

Agriculture

The national economy and employment of Krasnodar Territory population is determined in many respect by agribusiness that is represented by the multiindustry agricultural and process enterprises with the developed infrastructure. This is to produce more than 80% of the foodstuffs consumed by population.

The geographical position and the favorable natural and climatic conditions, determined by the borders of temperate and subtropical climate assigned to Krasnodar Territory the position of one of the leading regions of Russia for production and processing of agricultural products and supply of the foodstuffs to the industrial centers of Russia.

Kuban is famous as the primary granary of Russia since olden times. The land area in Krasnodar Territory totals more than 7.5 million ha, including 3.8 million ha of arable land. Holding 2.2% of agricultural lands and 3% of arable lands in the total areas of the Russian Federation, Krasnodar Territory produced in 2002 more than 6% of the Russian gross agricultural production in money terms, almost 10% of grain, 75% of rice, 27% of sugar-beet, 20% of sunflower oilseeds, more than half of grapes, all the volume of Russian tea, subtropical and citrus cultures, accounting on the basis of quantities.

The agricultural production in Kuban features the plural economy with the different forms of property and farming. The major producers of agricultural products in Krasnodar Territory are 668 large collective farms, which account for 70% of the manufactured products volume. On the evidence of the first half of 2003 the volume of agricultural production by all agricultural producers (agricultural organizations, population households and farmers) run as high as 27,946 million rubles (90.9% of the last year respective period in comparable estimation) in current prices.

The system of agribusiness scientific provision — Scientific and Technical Council of Agribusiness — has been established and is actively functioning in the region. Its operating body, motive and guiding force, is a Agribusiness Board for Innovation and Technological Activity and Science. The Chairman of Agribusiness Scientific and Technical Council is Professor V.V. Pushkin, the First Deputy Head of Krasnodar Territory Administration, Honored agricultural worker of the Russian Federation, Candidate of economic science; First Deputy Chairman of Agribusiness Scientific and Technical Council is A.I. Trubilin, Deputy Director General of Krasnodar Territory Administration Department of Agriculture and Foodstuffs, Deputy Chairman is N.A. Zagorulko, Professor, the Director of Agribusiness Board for Innovation and Technological Activity and Science, Honored agricultural worker of Kuban.

Our Territory takes a pride in achievements of Kuban agricultural science. About 30 Russian and regional scientific and research, design and technological institutes, higher education establishments, experimental and selection stations perform their activities and conduct the research in priority lines of agricultural, food and processing industries development. These employ 15 academicians and corresponding members, almost 500 Doctors of science, over 3000 Candidate of science. The selectionists of Kuban provide annually new highly promising regionalized varieties of winter wheat, rice, soya and other oil-bearing, vegetable and fruit cultures.

The scientific support and practical assistance to obtain the highest yields of spiked cereals and leguminous plants is provided by the active participation of the leading scientists of Kuban over many years. These are as follows:

  • I.T. Trubilin, Rector of the Kuban State Agricultural University, academician of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hero of the Socialist Labor;
  • N.G. Maliuga, Professor, head of the Kuban State Agricultural University chair of plant-growing, Doctor of agricultural science;
  • E.A. Pikushova, Professor, head of the Kuban State Agricultural University chair of plants protection, Doctor of agricultural science;
  • V.P. Vasilko, Professor, head of the Kuban State Agricultural University chair of irrigated farming, Doctor of agricultural science;
  • P.P. Vasiukov, Professor, Deputy Director of P.P. Lukianenko Scientific and Research Institute for scientific work, Doctor of agricultural science;
  • L.A. Bespalova, Professor, head of wheat and triticale selection and seed farming of P.P. Lukianenko Scientific and Research Institute for scientific work, Doctor of agricultural science.

The priority development of grain production is at the heart of agricultural policy in Krasnodar Territory. The grain field of Kuban with corn and rice occupies over 2 million ha that is more than half arable land, included into agricultural production. In 2002 the gross grain harvest accounted for 8.5 million tons to be the best result among all the regions of the Russian Federation.

Krasnodar Territory is the primary producer of rice in our country. More than 75% of Russian paddy rice is grown in Kuban. This crop is a basis of economy for 52 rice-growing farms. This year the gross rice harvest accounted for 400 thousand tons.

Viticulture in Krasnodar Territory is grouped in 48 specialized farms; the vineyards occupy 33 thousand ha. The production of grapes runs as high as 160 thousand tons in climatically favorable years. In 2002 the output of grape wine was 4.8 million decalitres, that of champagne and sparkling wine is 5 million bottles, and of cognac — about 60 thousand decalitres. In total the wine products of about 500 names are turned out in Kuban. The international and interregional competitions awarded the grand-prix and the dozens of gold, silver and bronze medals to the Kuban wines, champagne and cognac for their quality.

More than 400 collective and private farms are involved in fruit and berry growing, among those 40 ones made a speciality of this kind of farming. In 2002 172 thousand tons of fruits and berries were gathered in Krasnodar Territory.

Tea and citrus crops are grown in six farms at the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus in the neighborhood of Sochi. The gross tea leaf harvest accounted for 2 thousand tons last year.

The strategic mission in the livestock sector is accomplishment of measures to increase cattle and poultry inventory in number, to increase its productivity, to push up the output of meat, milk and other products. The cattle feeding complexes grow in number. The well-directed efforts are made to develop the production of pork.

The production of meat (butcher’s cattle and poultry stock on the hoof) in the farms of all agricultural producers in January through June of 2003 saw the increase by 5.7% as compared to the respective period of the last year.

The large and medium-sized agricultural organizations showed the increase in productivity of milking herd (by 3.1% more, as compared to the respective period of the last year) — 1985 kg of milk was taken from a single cow. On the average 132 eggs were obtained from a laying chicken (99.2% against the same date of 2002). The pasture and fattening cattle provided the average daily weight increment of 479 g (97.4% against July 1, 2002) and the swine’s provided that of 265 g (88.6%).

The gain in production volumes was obtained for the most part through increase in productivity and is provided as based on establishment of the solid feeding base, on improvement of the animals feeding and maintenance practice, on upgrading of reproduction and selection and breeding work system.

The powerful food industry of Kuban is an important constituent of the Territory agribusiness. It comprises bakery, meat, dairy, canning, fat-and-oil, sugar, confectionery, wine-making, alcoholic beverage, tea, tobacco, flour-milling and cereal, food concentrate, beer and non-alcoholic, fish-rearing industry and some other ones. In the scope of Russia the proportion of oils, canned fruits and vegetables and sugar sand produced in Krasnodar Territory makes up about 30%, fruit concentrated juices — 38%, canned meat of infant food — 100%.

Currently more than 1000 process enterprises, every fourth of which is a large or medium-sized one by capacity, function in Kuban. There the foodstuffs of more than 2 thousand names, of which more than 700 ones meet European standards, are output. The high quality of products produced by the food enterprises of the Territory is confirmed by many top international exhibitions, inclusive those held in the Russian Federation.

Krasnodar Territory enjoys all the prerequisites for more active attraction of foreign investments. 11% of direct foreign investments entering the economy of Russia flows in Kuban. The investment cooperation is carried out with 72 countries of the world; 37 branch offices of foreign law firms and companies were opened and more than enterprises with the foreign investments were registered.

Many national and foreign investors who managed to estimate positively the policy of Krasnodar Territory administration, geopolitical position and other advantages of Krasnodar Territory, are successfully working in Kuban and experience substantial financial results. To develop the food industry complex of Kuban the great funds were invested by the large foreign investors, particularly by the companies «Bonduelle», «Philip Morris», «Pepsi-Cola», «Vimm-Bill-Dann», «Nestle» and others.

The top executives of the flourishing farms of Krasnodar Territory of whom Kuban is rightfully proud, deserve special attention indeed.

  • A.M. Garbuz — top executive of JSC «Stud Farm «Pobeda» of Briukhovetsky district.
  • A.I. Statsenko — top executive of SPK «Kolhhoz «Rodina» of Novokubanski district.
  • A.S. Melnik, Hero of the Socialist Labour — top executive of CJSC «lm. Ilyicha» of Leningradsky district.
  • A.T. Kuzovlev, Hero of the Socialist Labour — top executive of CJSC «Stud Farm «Kolos» of Kanevsky district.
  • N.N. Philippov, Kuban Hero of Labour — top executive of CJSC «Chapayev Stud Farm» of Dinskoy district.

The development of farming is an important component of plural economy in agricultural sector of the Territory; the farming companies account for 12% of agricultural lands of Kuban.

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